CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN PAKISTAN

Definitions of Research

Research is:

     
  Organised systematic scientific investigation
to solve problems and  test hypothesis,
or Add new knowledge to the field of study

     
Research is a
very careful, critical and disciplined inquiry varying in technique and method
according to the nature and conditions of the problem identified, directed
towards the clarification or resolution (or both) of a problem.

Definitions of Research

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Research is: 
Organized systematic scientific investigation to solve problems and test
hypothesis, or Add new knowledge to the field of study.

Ø 
Research is a very careful, critical and
disciplined inquiry varying in technique and method according to the nature and
conditions of the problem identified, directed towards the clarification or
resolution (or both) of a problem.

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Basic research is conducted to expand knowledge
and understanding by either developing or testing theory. Its focus is
knowledge for knowledge's sake. It is typically what we think of when we think
of scientific research.

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Classification of Research by purpose is based
on a purpose, to which findings have direct application and the degree to which
they are generalizable to other situations

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Basic research involves the process of
collecting and analyzing data/information to develop or enhance theory. Basic
research is conducted solely for the purpose of theory development and improvement
of the existed knowledge.

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Basic research or fundamental research
(sometimes called pure research) is research carried out to increase the
knowledge, understanding of fundamental principles and establishing new
theories. Most of the time the end results have no direct or immediate outcome
for the benefits of society but in long term it lay foundation for new
inventions and applied research. Basic research is mainly carried out in
universities by researcher and students.

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Basic research advances fundamental knowledge
about the human world. It focuses on refuting or supporting theories that
explain how this world operates, what makes things happen. Basic research is
the foundation of new scientific ideas and way of thinking about this world.

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Basic research is important for nourishing the
expansion of traditional knowledge toward theory which help applied research to
invent new things. Scientific Researchers conduct most of the basic research.

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Basic research, either directly or indirectly,
involves in the development of theory

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Basic research can be exploratory, descriptive,
or explanatory. Basic research generates new ideas, principles and theories
which are the foundations of modern progress and development in different
fields.

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Researchers are constantly challenging and questioning
existing traditional theories. The goal of basic research is to develop theory
that is supported by empirical evidence, or more precisely, that empirical
evidence does not contradict or refute theory

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Basic research theories are based on
assumptions.

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Basic research provides the theory that produce
implications for solving educational problems; applied research provides data
to support theory, guide theory revision, or suggest development of new theory.

Organized systematic scientific investigation
to solve problem

Summary of
basic Research

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Pure, fundamental research

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Discovery of new knowledge, theoretical in
nature

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Takes many years for the results of basic
research to find some practical utility

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Justified in terms of gaining knowledge for its
sake – they focus on making things better and creating a more humane society

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The main motivation is to expand man's knowledge

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Done for the intellectual pleasure of learning

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Mainly concerned with generalizations and with
the formulation of a theory

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Directed towards finding information that has
broad base of applications

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No commercial value attached to the discoveries
that result from basic research.

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Involves a search for enduring or general truths

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Exploration curious rather than dull events